考研英语二阅读答案及解析（2019年） 上篇

随着时间来到八月中旬，许多同学的考研英语也进入了冲刺阶段，有的已经开始做历年真题了，这时候我们可能会发现一个尴尬的问题，就是我们只有真题，没有答案。今天，我们就给大家带来一篇2019年考研英语二阅读答案及解析。

Text 1

原文点评：全文讲解内疚会给孩子带来什么。与传统理解不同，本文作者认为内疚会带给孩子成长，并通过同情心与内疚的关系实验来论证观点。

21. Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help__________.

A. regulate a child’s basic emotions

B. improve a child’s intellectual ability

C. intensify a child’s positive feelings

D. foster a child’s moral development

答案：D

解析：由题干“guilt can be a good thing”定位到第一段最后一句，答案句来自于定位据的前句“Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences”（孩子不是天生知道怎么说“对不起”; 相反，他们随着时间的推移了解到这些表达可以抚慰父母和朋友 - 以及他们自己的良心）。此外，本题也可从主旨，第一段首句Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms(与悲伤，恐惧和愤怒等所谓的基本情绪不同，随着孩子对社会和道德规范的不断掌握，后来出现了内疚。)由此可知，本段强调内疚与孩子的道德规范呈正向关系。

22. According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be _________.

A. deceptive B. addictive C. burdensome D. inexcusable

答案：C

解析：由题干定位到第二段第三句More important, guilt is deeply uncomfortable—it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones.（更重要的是，内疚是非常不舒服的 - 这在情感上的等同于穿着如同石头重的夹克。）

23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that________.

A. an emotion can play opposing roles

B. emotions are socially constructive

C. emotional stability can benefit health

D. emotions are context -independent

答案：A

解析：用题干关键词Vaish定位到文章第二段第六句，“There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” Vaish says, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another（Vaish说关于内疚是什么或者内疚扮演了什么角色，现在有着重新思考。情绪不是二元情感，在一个情形中有益的情感在另一个情形中可能是有害的。）

24. Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing_______.

A. may help correct emotional deficiencies

B. can bring about emotional satisfaction

C. can result from either sympathy or guilt

D. may be the outcome of impulsive acts

答案：C

解析：题干关键词Malti定位到原文第四段第二句，答案在其后句，即第四段第三句In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy (and its close cousin empathy) may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing（在一些研究中，马尔蒂和其他人已经表明了内疚和同情（及其近亲同情）可能代表合作和分享的不同途径。）

25. The word “transgressions” (line4 para5) is closest in meaning to________.

A. wrongdoings

B. discussions

C. Restrictions

D. Teachings

答案：A

解析：由题干定位到第五段第二句，they rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions (like guilt and sadness) after moral transgressions.由定位句中的negative emotions可知整句话为负向逻辑，由此可知答案为A。

Text 2

原文点评：环保类话题文章，全文探讨森林和气候变化之间的关系。

26. “One of the harder challenges” implies ___

A. global climate change may get out of control

B. forests may become a potential threat

C. people may misunderstand global warming

D. extreme weather conditions may arise

答案：B

解析：由题干“One of the harder challenges”第一段第一句。答案在后句Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so（尽管人类依赖森林吸收我们排放的二氧化碳，我们也在威胁他们这方面的能力。）随后，本段最后一句进一步指出 The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb（我们加速的气候变化总有一天会让森林排放更多的二氧化碳而不是吸收。）

27. To maintain forests as valuable "carbon sinks", we may need to _

A. preserve diversity of species

B. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity

C. accelerate the growth of young trees

D. strike a balance among different plants

答案：B

解析：由题干关键词valuable "carbon sinks"定位到第二段第二句，Helping forests flourish as valuable "carbon sinks" long into the future may require reducing their capacity to sequester carbon now（帮助森林在未来作为有价值的碳汇需要减少他们现在吸收碳的能力。）

28. California's Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to ___ A. restore its forests quickly after wildfires.

B. cultivate more drought resistant trees.

C. find more effective ways to kill insects

D. reduce the density of some of its forests

答案：D

解析：由题干关键词California's Forest Carbon Plan定位到第三段第一句，The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest, including by controlled burning（该州拟议的森林碳计划旨在加倍努力减少幼树和清理杂树，包括控制燃烧等手段）

29. What is essential to California's plan according to para. 5?

A. To obtain enough financial support

B. To carry it out before 2020

C. To handle the areas in the serious danger first

D. To perfect the emission-permit auctions

答案：C

解析：根据题干定位到第五段第二句，so it will be important to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought（因此，优先考虑最大火灾或干旱风险的区域将会非常重要）

30. the author's attitude toward California's plan can be best described as ____

A. supportive B. ambiguous C. tolerant D. cautious

答案：A

解析：根据题干California’s plan定位到最后一段最后一句，California's plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor early next year, should serve as a model（加州的计划，预计将于明年初由州长最终确定，应作为模范），模范一词带有明显正向意味，故本题选A。

受篇幅限制，本篇先讲解2019年考研英语二阅读答案及解析的前两篇，剩下两篇我们下文继续，最后，祝考研的同学们多多加油，考个好成绩！