考研英语二阅读答案及解析（2019年） 下篇

随在上篇的“考研英语二阅读答案及解析（2019年） 上篇”我们讲解了考研英语二阅读答案及解析（2019年）的前两篇阅读，在本篇，我们继续讲解剩下的两篇。

Text 3

31. What problem should be addressed according to the first two paragraphs?

A. discrimination against foreign workers in the U.S. B. biased laws in favor of some American businesses. C. flaws in US immigration rules for farm workers.

E. decline of job opportunities in US agriculture.

答案：C

解析：题干要求定位前两段，第二段首句Efforts to create a more straightforward agricultural-workers visa that would enable foreign workers to stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry have so far failed in Congress(努力创造一个更加直接的农业工人签证，使外国工人在美国停留更长时间并改变行业内的工作岗位,这些努力被国会否决了。)

32. One trouble with US. Agriculture workforce is___ 

A. the rising number of illegal immigrants.

B. the high mobility of crop workers.

C. the lack of experienced labors.

D. the aging of immigrant farm workers.

答案：D

解析：根据题干定位到第三段，可知美国农业劳动力目前的问题在于逐渐变老（They are also aging.）

33. What is the much-argued solution to the labor shortage in US farming?

A. To attract younger laborers to farm work.

B. To get native US workers back to farming.

C. To use more robots to grow high-value crops.

D. To strengthen financial support for famers.

答案：B

解析：根据题干定位到第四段，本段为独句段One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it has been all along: Native U.S. workers won’t be returning to the farm（对于这种劳动力短缺的一个经常辩论的解决方法仍然像以往一样难以置信：美国本土工人不会返回农场。）

34. Agriculture employers complain about the H-2A visa for its____?

A. slow granting procedures.

B. limit on duration of stay.

C. tightened requirements.

D. control of annual admissions.

答案：A

解析：由题干关键词H-2A定位到文章第八段第三句，The process is cumbersome, expensive and unreliable（该过程繁琐，昂贵且不可靠。）

35. Which of the following could be the best title for this text?

A. US Agriculture in Decline.

B. Import Food or Labor?

C. America Saved by Mexico?

D. Manpower vs. Automation?

答案：B

解析：本文属于问题解答型的文章，开篇提出问题：美国农业劳动力短缺，随后提出解决方案：要么引入外来劳动力，要么进口食物，选项B把两种解决方案都涵盖其中。

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原文点评：环保类话题文章，探讨取消塑料制品的方式。

36. Some celebrities star in a new video to

A. demand new laws on the use of plastics

B. urge consumers to cut the use of plastics

C. invite public opinion on the plastics crisis

D. disclose the causes of the plastics crisis

答案：B

解析：根据题干中的Some celebrities star in a new video定位到第一段第二句，encouraging you, the consumer, to swap out your single-use plastic staples to combat the plastic crisis（鼓励你，消费者，换掉你的一次性塑料钉来对抗塑料危机），“换掉”意味着不再使用，可知答案为B。

37. The author is concerned that “moral licensing” may

A. mislead us into doing worthless things

B. prevent us from making further efforts

C. weaken our sense of accomplishment

D. suppress our desire for success

答案：B

解析：根据题干“moral licensing”定位到第九段首句，without ever progressive onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions” （没有进步到更大，更大胆，更有效的行动），这里的行动即是指moral licensing，由此可知答案为B。

38. By pointing out our identity as “citizens,” the author indicates that

A. our focus should be shifted to community welfare

B. our relationship with local industries is improving C. we have been actively exercising our civil rights D. We should press our governments to lead the combat

答案：D

解析：由题干“citizens”定位到第十段第一句，While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws, we're ignoring the balance of power that implies that as "consumers" we must shop sustainably, rather than as "citizens" hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change（围绕我们环境的谈话以及我们对此的责任仍然存在以购物袋和吸管为中心，我们忽视了权力的平衡，这意味着作为“消费者”，而不是作为“公民”，我们必须以可持续的方式购物，支持我们的政府和行业应该推动真正的系统性变革）。

39. De Sombre argues that the best way for a collective change should be

A. a win-win arrangement

B. a self-driven mechanism

C. a cost- effective approach

D. a top down process

答案：D

解析：根据题干De Sombre定位到文章十一段最后一句the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural（最好的集体改变大量人的行为的方式是结构性改变。），随后两段具体探讨如何结构性改变，从政府到个人，这是自上而下的过程。

40. The author concludes that individual efforts

A. can be too aggressive

B. are far from sufficient

C. can be too inconsistent

D. are far from rational

答案：B

解析：根据题干定位到最后一段最后一句，We need progressive policies（我们还需要进步性政策）可知现在做的还不够。

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